GEORGE CITIZEN VOL. 12, NO. 33. PRUSTCE GEORGE CITIZEN THURSDAY, AUGUST 15, 1929 Five Cents. rkerville's Celebration Proved a Huge Success ivciling of Monument To Mark Terminus of Cariboo Road Becomes Historic Function Old-Timers' Re-Union Restored Scenes in the Early Life of the Cariboo Gold Excitement (By Louis LeBourdals) Barkerville, Aug. 12.�Not since the davs of the gold rush, some old timers claim has this town's single street been the gathering place of so many visitors from the outside as on the occasion of the unveiling of the cairn envied by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada here on the bank of Williams Creek to commemorate the Cariboo Gold Fields, which have added nearly a hundred millions to the wealth of the world, and to mark the site of the terminus he old Cariboo Road, completed in of t 1865. � J � t � , �� vibre than one hundred automobiles, bearing licence plates from all parts of the province, including almost everv town and stopping place along the famous highway itself, and from the states of Washington, Oregon, Montana and California were parked space provided for them on the man. He briefly told of the conditions in the early days, when the creeks were humming with activrtyT~the cor msh pumps going day^and night, o miners in gum boots, gpid dust b the hundred pounds, pack trains gambling and dance halls full blast He told of the ambitions of the com mittee who while inexperienced, hopei tn revive the famous old creek, just fo a night, to something of its old time plory. Russell McDougall, in a few wel chosen words, welcomed the visitors on behalf of the officers and members o the Masonic Lodge and the other residents of the town. Judge Howay Gets Ovation His Honor Judge Howay on beinu introduced by the chairman receivet an ovation. The judge tpld of the boards-aims in B. C, of how the cairn had beeixerected on a site as near as possible to\the spot where the road came to an end, having entered the town at the dpposite end from the south. He told hows the early miners mostly from California diggings anc wise in the ways of following the "pay' had traced the fine gold up-stream, the ,. ..,.�.. ,_______ Fraser, the gold becomingN^arser as tailings of Williams Creek, in alleys they proceeded. He told of the strik- between old buildings and in almost every conceivable place. Squeezing In Visitors For two days before the event cars began to arrive. Tents were erected on the few vacant level spots on the slope of Williams Creek to take care of these unable to get reservations at hotels. Even at that men slept on floors in vacant cabins, and the old hospital was filledi to overflowing, cots and blankets being provided by citizens of the town . for those not bringing their own. In early days the town's single street, which in the sixties extended from Richfield down the creek to Barkerville and Camerontown, two miles or more in length, was lined with saloons and hotete. Now only three remain, Kellys, Charlie House's hotel and Tom Nicols'. Kelly's hotel alone served 350 breakfasts oh Sunday morning. Lunch counters and hot dog stands were open day and night on the site of old Bella Unjpn saloon owned bv Madame Beridixon, famous hotel proprietress of the California and Cariboo gold rush days, now made into a children's playground. These were operated by the McCall family, for 48 hours straight, the attendants dropping in their tracks', asleep before they hit the ground, and left to sleep a short half hour beneath long tables before aroused by clamoring crowds. Horse races on the narrow street, were preceded by a parade of horses and riders, the horses led by their owners, headed by Jim Donnelly, Cariboo's noted race-horse man, who had charge of this part of the programme. The horses, on other days employed in the pack train, taking supplies to miners on creeks, put up good races, their riders in uniforms and jockey caps as if on real blooded stock. Among runners was Harry Jones' saddle horse. Meeting of Pioneers Shortly before 3.30 on Saturday afternoon, headed by the Legion Band ing of-the mouth of the Quesnel^iver of following it up to Forks, to North Fork to Cariboo Lake and Keithley, Cieek. Later from Keithley to Antler, and a year later to Williams Creek, named in honor of Dutch Bill Dietz, who led the party, and who incidentally stakedi the poorest} clai|m of the crowd that followed him. The great company grouped on the steep hillside, in the roadway and on the creek bed below, perched in tree tops, land on top o| late arriving automobiles halted at the barrier placed across the road by traffic police, listened in silence and admiration as the judge told of fearlessness shown and the privation and hardship undergone by the early miners in their 400-mile trek to Cariboo, their backs bent and raw from heavy packs. R. L. Reid, K.C., Grand Master A. F. & A.M. of British Columbia, well known in Cariboo, made a brief and eloquent address, paying tribute to the early pioneers. J. P. Hampton Bole, Grand Factor Native Sons of B. C, and son of Judge Bole, early jurist 'who held court in,Cariboo, told of the aims of his organization, and of his long cherished ambition of establishing a post in Cariboo, the birthplace of the province. Harry Jones Unveils1 Monument Harry Jones, the oldest of the survivors of the Barkerville camp,, and still spoken of as � one of the ablest "face" men and all-round deep-diggings miner of Cariboo, entered into his part of the ceremonies with much of his old-time vigor. He caused the company to rock with laughter with his sallies as to what his friend Judge Howay knew as to the exact location of the end of the Cariboo road in the early days, or the state of the road in '65, when, acoording to the inscription on the monument it had been completed. He told the judge he was all of 16 eces followed by Harry Jones ed. He told tne juage ne was an and old timers who were honored wrong as he could recall that even in SS BSKvUlTHis Honor Judge the summer of '66 the road between F. W. Howay, B. C. representative of the Historic Sites Board, B. L. Reid, Grand Master of the Masonic Lodge of B. C, J. P. Hampton Bole. Grand Factor Native Sons of B. C. and Mrs. Bole. John A. Fraser, M.P., Rod Mackenzie. M.L.A. John Hosie, Provincial Librarian and others, the procession formed up at the Masonic Temple, built in '69, and proceeded north along the bank of Williams Creek, past the old church built same year by Rev. Reynard, Anglican minister, almost entirely by his own hands and still standing in splendid state of repair, to a spot a hundred yards or so beyond, where the cairn had been erected on the bedrock of Williams Creek, a short distance below the old Wake-Up-Jake claim, and overlooking the Welch, Pocahontas, Baldhead and the Cariboo, all famous in the gold rush days. The old timers and speakers were seated on a platform erected on both sides of the cairn, which was suitably draped with bunting and flags. Among the real old timers were Harry Jones, ex-M.L.A. Cariboo in '63 and still a resident, Mrs. John Boyd, '65; Mrs. Housor, '67; Mrs. House, sister of Mrs. Houser, '75; John McDougall, '30; Harry Moffat, '76; John Wintrip '71; Mrs. August Baker '76; Wm. Adams '73. Others who were unable to attend J nines B. Leighton, Mrs. R. B. Mc-Micking, Alphonse Hautier, John Mac-Kay, Duncan McKinley, Tom Bishop, Isaac Kipp, c. J. Major, Bill Brown, Mrs. w. A. Johnston, James Craig, E. S. Peters, Mrs. (Rev.) Reynard, Alfred Carson. Absentees Send Regrets ^ Before introducing the first speaker, Hussell McDougall, frephew of the Pioneer John McDougall, and Master oi Cariboo Lodge No. 4, A.F. & A.M., under whose auspices the ceremony and old timers celebration were arranged, Chairman E. J. Avison read telegrams and letters of good wishes. coupled with regrets of inability to w' present from: J. B. Leighton, Mrs. f*. B. McMicking, E. S. Peters, Hon. **� A. McKenzie, minister of mines; premier Tolmie. Hon. Randolph Bruce, Hon. p. p. Burden, minister of lands; Hon. W. C. Shelly, minister of finance; i'n ?' Pattullo, Hon. R. H. Pooley, Hon. Hinchliffe. Lottie Bowron, of late John Bowron. Bar-e's outstanding gold commission-to v many vears. D, A. Stoddart, J. vL Yorston. former M.L.A.'s Cariboo; Justice Dennis Murphy, Brig.-~*1 Victor. Odium. Avison made ..a splendid chair- Stanley and Barkerville was in a condition to have "bogged a web-footed camel." The old-timer is a great admirer of Judge Begbie, the pioneer judge and chief justice of British Columbia, who sternly upheld British tradition and justice in the days when the camp was overrun with adventurers who had served in the civil war in the United States, and when U. S. army blue coats covered most of the crooks who tried to separate the miners from the gold dust. Harry Jones thinks Judge Begbie was so far ahead of all the other men who followed him to the bench that they are hardly entitled to be referred to as judges. He told one story of a happening in Judge Begbie's court that was greatly appreciated by his listeners. It has never appeared in print. In the colorful language of* the mining camp of '65 it made a good story, but in print it would be. different. To the clicking of scores of cameras the honored pioneer of Cariboo, twice elected to represent Cariboo in the legislature, pulled the cord which exposed to view the handsome quartz-rock monument embedded in a cement base on the bedrock of Williams Creek, and the band struck up "The Maple Leaf Forever." Honoring the Pioneers Eraser Lake Is Worked4Jp Over Main Highway Suggested Diversion to North Shore of j Lake Is Fought By South Side Residents .. Bennett Asks For an Even Break for Canadian People Numerous Petitions Arc Being Circulated to Secure Bridge to Replace Present Ferry The residents of the Fraser Lake section have a highway problem on r.heir hands in the solution of which tr-c resident of the central interior generally ate iiterested. As originally te.id out the highway follows the sol th shor^ of the lake, but its entrance to the town of Fort Fraser meanders seven miles to make three in distance. The highway is now due for a substantial overhaul, but with this has come a demand on the part of settlers along the north shore of the lake that the main highway should be constructed around the north shore of the lake. As the existing highway follows the line of railway around the south shore it serves the established business centers and therefore commends itself to the great majority of the residents and they are accordingly pulling for its retention, its immediate improvement, and the building of a bridge across the Nechako to provide a direct entrance into Fort Fraser. �s a result of the disagreement as to which side of Fraser Lake shall have the main line of the highway the district nas been flooded with petitions and cross-petitions addressed to the minister of public works, j The advocates for tne. retention of the road have numbersNjn their side, and their petitions read like sections clipped from the several polling stations throughout the Omineca riding. They call upon the minister to authorize the building of the bridge across\the Nechako to secure direct entrance into Port Fraser to connect with the existing highway which it is asserted will best serve the settlers in the district to the west and south of the town, as well as those in the Lilly Lake section, will cut the mileage between Prince George and Hazelton, and will eliminate three bad hills on the existing highway. * Disadvantage of the Customs Tariff Is Costing Dominion 100,000 Nationals Annually Empire Trade Is Advocated As The Best Means of Meeting Adverse Tariff of United States gy The* petitioners also tfecite they are informed an appropriation for the Nechako bridge was made by the McLean government; and as an added reason for the bridge building they set out the existing ferry has been condemned and that the substitution of a bridge for the ferry is fully warrant-d by the development which has taken place on the south side of the Hoh. R. B. Bennett, leader of the Conservative party, won a high place in the regard of the people of Prince George with his address in the Princess Theatre on Wednesday evening, not only as a very pleasing speaker but as a man who is earnest in his efforts to improve the position of Canadians and the Dominion of Canada as a whole. Mr. Bennett discussed in a very simple but convincing man ner the main things which touch the life of Canada as a nation. As he see the situation, Canada through its tar iff system is becoming a dependent na tion, a hewer of wood and a drawer of water for the other nations of the world, and particularly for the United States, and he made it very clear tha in the light of history a dependen nation cannot endure. Canada he said is still a great nation in the sense that it is still producing and selling a vast product from the estate which we know as the Dominion. It is an estate of tremendous value, but it came to the people of Canada through no effort of their own, but as the result of the sacrifices in blood and treasure of the men and women of a little island on the shores of the North Sea. They bought Canada and gave it to the people of Canada without price in the hope that people of their own kin would be alive to their great trust with respect to it as they themselves would have been. Last year Canadians exported from their great estate agricultural products to the value of $700,000,000; they exported forest products to the value of $300,000,000; they exported* from their mountains mineral products to the value of $300,000,000; and from their they exported a product between 300,000 and $36,000,000. These with otherNlesser exports made up a total of $1.30Ot000,000 in exports. To a great- er or 1 p g xtent these exports f th Cdi ake. In addition to the signatures of settlers the petitions favoring the bridge have the endorsation of the 'ort Fraser Conservative Association as well as that of the Fort Fraser Women's Institute, and they will likely ecure the endorsation of the Cariboo Automobile Association as an interest- d party in the maintenance of the lighway in the most acceptable loca-Jon. jreat Britain Withdraws Troops From Germany Chancellor Snowden Serves Notice To This Effect To French and Belgian Governments The Hague, Aug. 13.�Hon. Philip Snowden, chancellor of the exchequer in the Labor government of Britain, has become the most spectacular figure at the allied conference by reason of his determination to speak the truth in a maner which cannot be misunderstood. He is easily the most talked-of man in Europe. He has made it clear that Great Britain is still the commanding power in continental policies. He has served notice on France, Germany and Belgium that no matter what arrangement may be made for the division of the German lessened thexvalue of the Canadian estate. With respect to the production of the farms theresWas the impoverishment of the soil and the people could not always count upon the rains and the sunshine coming wnen they would do the most good. The present year had' brought its lesson in the half-crop of the western prairies. Depletion in the case of the forest was even more patent. Since he had been in the, province Mr. Bennett said he had driven through timber stands which were from 200 to 250 years old. In the Fraser Valey he had been shown a tree which was said to be 1100 years old. The timber being cut from the B. C. forests he predicted would not be replaced within the life of the youngest person living. With respect to the minerals being extracted from the mines this value will never be replaced, and in the case of the fisheries there is already the present threat of depletion. These exports were generally described as the natural wealth of the country arising through the application of capital and labor, of brain and brawn, to the natural resources of the country, in no other way could this wealth be produced. "What has Canada done with the SI.300,000,000 which it received from the sale of its natural wealth last year?" asked Mr. Bennett. He answered his nuestion with the statement that SI.260.000.000 of the entire sum had been spent on purchases from other countries, and of this great sum approximately $900,000,000 had been spent in the purchase of goods from the United States. This meant that out of every dollar received by Canada through the sale of its natural wealth Canadians sent 67 cents to the United States for the purchase of United States goods. Some of these purchases were things which Canada could not produce and therefore was forced to buy but of the total of foreign purchases he offered the opinion that $500,000,000 could have been expended in the purchase of Canadian-made goods and thereby have created a ereater opportunity for Canadian men and women. Following the unveiling a short j reparations payments among the al- three-minute talk was given by John A. Fraser, M.P., who has been a resident of the district almost long enough to qualify as an old-timer. He paid a graceful tribute to the men and women of the early days in the famous old district. Short addresses were also delivered by Roderick Mackenzie, M.L.A., for Cariboo; R. N. Campbell, of Horsefuly '84. and son of one of Cariboo's earliest miners, who discovreed gold on the Horsefly in '59, and Wm. Adams, ex-M.L.A. John Hosie, provincial librarian, in speaking of what was being done by the archives department at Victoria to preserve old manuscripts and relics, made an appeal to his listeners for. assistance toward that end. He told them also that it was the intention of ttie government, through his minister. Hon. S. L. Howe, to have the old courthouse at Richfield thoroughly re-oaired and used as a museum for Cariboo relics. This statement brought forth prolonged applause, in which R. L. Reid loined heartily. This is a step advocated by him for several years, and he has been a collector of (Continued on page 4.) lies the British government has decided to withdraw its troops from the Rhineland before the end of the present year. Premier Briand, perhaps the most sxpert of French diplomats is exerting himself to the utmost to meet the objections raised by Chancellor Snowden co the Young plan of distribution of the German reparations, without jeopardizing the French position, but the prospect is not very encouraging. WEATHER REPORT R. B. Carter, local meteorological agent, says the probabilities are for local thunderstorms and showers for the next two days, with fairer and warmer weather on Saturday and Sunday. The maximum and minimum temperature readings for the week ending Tuesday, August 13th, follow: Wednesday .............................. 85 42 Thursday .................................. 83 49 Friday ........................................ 77 49 Saturday .................................. 77 49 Sunday ..................._................. 80 43 Monday .................................... 83 39 Tuesday ..........�....................... 78 50 The volume of the Canadian purchases in the United States told but half of the story. Of the total purchases 64.8 per cent were of manufactured goods and 9.9 per cent of partly manufactured goods, leaving but 25 per cent to represent the purchase of raw materials to be used in Canadian industry. With this Mr. Bennett contrasted the United States purchases in Canada. These he said were made up of 31.7 per cent in manufactured goods, 18 per cent in partly manufactured goods, leaving 50 per cent to represent the purchase of Canadian raw mate-'ini.s for use in the industries of the United States. To illustrate how unfair this trading was to Canada Mr. Bennett produced a $10 note. He suggested it might be spent in the purchase of peaches, pears and plums in the Okanagan, or it might be sent into the Yakima district in Washington for the purchase of United States fruit. In the first instance the Canadian consumer secured his fruit but Canada still retained the $10, but in the latter case while i:he fruit came into Canada the $10 went out of the country. If this little transaction vbre multiplied .a few thousand times the full force of this system of trading became apparent. Multiplied in the maner suggested the S10 became a great factor. Sent into the Okanagan it would pay the wages of the labor engaged in the production of the Okanagan fruit, it would pay taxes, provide money for the building of Canadian homes and the establishment of prosperous communities. Buy-Ing in Canada meant the providing of jobs for Canadians. Buying in the United States meant the providing of jobs for citizens of the United States and the lessening of the opportunities for Canadian residents. Mr. Bennett went on to explain that its ultimate desina-tion did not affect the usefulness of the $10 spent in the fruit purchase, the only difference being that if retained in the Okanagan it would work for Canadian industry, while if sent to the United States it would work just as hard for Uriited States industry and increase the competition for Canadian industry . Mr. Bennett said there was a great interdependence of industry. WhHesin the province he had seem a machine engaged in the manufacture of paper wrappings for the Okanagan fruit. He was told this machine would be "kept busy for 52 days in the making of these fruit wrapers. The Okanagan fruit grower was creating a home market for the forest products of the province. Under existing tariff arrangements the residents of British Columbia mieht elect to buy Yakima fruit in preference to that from the Okanagan but they would find it impossible to sell a single paper wrupper in which the Yakima fruit would come to him. The Conservative leader said the tariff policy he stood for was the one which would keep the greatest number of $10 notes in Canada by inducing rhe purchase of Canadian-made goods in preference to goods manufactured in the United States. The existing tariff of the Dominion he denounced as unfair to Canadians in that it did not give them a chance. All that he asked for was an even break. He then traced the development of the present tariff of the United States. It was not a tariff against Canada alone, but against the world. It had been designed to preserve the United States markets for the United States workman, to create opportunities for him. This continued to be the outstanding feature of the United States tariff until the advent of the Wilson administration. Then for a while the bars were let down, but with the return of the Harding administration came the emergency tariff and then the Ford-ney tariff whieh excluded instantly $100,000,000 worth of Canadian products from the United States markets. Since this time the trend of the United States tariff had been for higher duties culmJnatnig- in the recent special session of congress for still higher protection for the farmers and artizans of the United States, and in addition to the relief which United States farmers are to receive through the tariff here is to be a fund of $500,000,000 alacedvat their disposal to assist them in the marketing of their surplus pro-ucts against Canada and the rest o/ he world. "What has Canada done since 1922 to improve the situation of Canadians," asked Mr. Bennett. Canada had not been idle. He would let Senator Dandurand speak. In addressing the League of Nations he had made the statement that among the fifty nations of the world Canada was the only one which since the war had reduced its tariffs, and the delegates to the League of Nations cheered the statement as this meant it would be easier for them to get their products into Canada in competition with Canadian producers Mr. Bennet dealt with the Australian treaty. There had been much opposition to it and relief was promised by one member of the cabinet if the complaints were substantiated. What had p been the relief? Australian treaty diil d Not only was the continued, but by tht f t y d, ut by order-in-council, without reference to the Canadian parliament New Zealand was given the same trade treaty as Australia was enjoying. Under these treaties Canada had passed from a country with a large butter export to a butter purchasing country. Under the New Zealand treaty Canada had now 101,000 fewer cows than it had before this treaty became effective and with the reduction in the size of the Canadians herds had come an increase in the price of beef to the Canadian consumer. Canada had a trade treaty with France under which certain preferences were extended to � that i try in consideration of Canada being granted a minimum tariff with respect to certain imports. Canada still enjoys the French minimum tarif but there was no provision against the minimum being raised and it had been raised three times since the treaty became operative. As the direct result of the failure of Canada to advance its tariffs Canada has been losing to the United States 700.000 of its men and women since 1922. Losing in this period more people than there are in the province of British Columbia. There are some 1.600,000,000 persons in the world of which some 10.000.000 reside in Canada. How did Canada become possessed of all the wisdom in the world. These men in Ottawa who decided that of all the nations in the world Canada should be the onlv one to reduce its tariff since the world war. Mr. Bennett said the explanation of the present situation was that the members of the present Liberal overn-ment at Ottawa were prepared to make any sacrifice to retain the power of office. Canada is not without a remedy. It had the weapons for the defence of the trade of the nation and the welfare of its people. It could impose its tariffs and excise and grant bounties and bonuses as the situation might demand to erive Canadians at least an even opportunity with the other peoples of the world. Mr. Bennett did not consider im-(Continued on Page Five)