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Publtehed five days a week (n Prlnca Georgt,  British, Columbia, by Citizen Publishers and Printers Ltd. A  Member of The Canadian Press.                         Authorized os Second Class Mail by the Post Office De-
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J. E. MILLER, General Manager ___________________________D. C  THACKER, Managing  Editor________________________
THJURSDAY, OCTOBER  19,  1961
Branches Might Do the Job
UBC President Dr. Norman Alac-Kenzie put some facts right on the line the other day when he said it is time for the governments of Canada to stop quibbling over legal niceties and get on with the job of providing adequate facilities to educate Canadians.
As usual with Dr. MacKerizie, who is a better-than-average orator, he made mincemeat out of politicians who have failed to provide accommodation, staff or money.
In the Soviet, he said, about 10 per cent of the college age group is in university. In the U.S. it is 20 per cent and likely to reach 40. Yet in Canada, where it is estimated .�>ri per cent of this age group has university ability, the figure is only 11 per cent.
It is a bit difficult for the layman,
however, to reconcile Dr. MacKenzie's stand in view of his remarks here a year ago when he said places like Prince George shouldn't expect to get universities, or even junior colleges, because all efforts should be expended on the larger centres.
We suggest to Dr. MacKerizie that a branch of UBC in Prince George which could provide many students with certain courses might do much to alleviate the serious lack of accommodation in Vancouver by looking after a great many northern students.
True, as the president said here, it would cost more money to establish UBC branches elsewhere in the province. But we suggest in die long run it would be cheaper, and certainly more likely to raise the percentage of Canadians attending university.
Industry Builds Industry
SEIGNIORY CLUB, Quc. (CP) � Every sardine pulled out of the Bay of Fundy means the sale of Canadian tinplate in many countries of the world.
With this allusion A. M. A. McLean, president of Connors Brothers Ltd. of Black's Harbor, N.B., illustrated the importance of Canada's primary industries to Canada's manufacturing industries.
Debate at the annual meeting of the Canadian Exporters' Association centre d around the question: Is the maximum development of Canada's foreign trade in the best national interest?
The decision was whether Canada should find her future economic    d e v e 1 o p m e n t
through the exporting industries based on primary pro-duets or whether she should give greater emphasis to secondary industry.
Consensus seemed to be that the answer lies in development of both primary and secondary industry but, as usual in such Canadian debates, the required emphasis on one or the other remained  unclear.
Mr. McLean said two large tiiplate producing companies in Canada sell very much in the U.S., Hong Kong, South Africa, East Africa, the West-Indies, United Kingdom, Ireland, Austria, Guam, Puerto Rico and many other countries around the globe. But Canadian   tinplate   is   going
into all those countries, wrapped around fish both large and small.
"For every dollar's worth of fish we take out of the sea, we use approximately $2.50 worth of the production of secondary industries," he said.
The tinplate his company is exporting around the world as an enclosure for sardines would cover a 1,000-acre farm every year. And the little key that opens the can of sardines or kippered snacks takes l,G00 miles of wire yearly.
Additionally, the company's export containers require 800 miles of steeJ strapping, and generates 2,000 cars of freight carried by railways and truckers.
Credit Sheme Failing
SEIGNIORY CLUB, Que. (CP)�Duke Scott, general manager of the Export Finance Corp. of Canada Ltd., Tuesday expressed disappointment at the response of Canadian manufacturers to new credit facilities set up this year to encourage exports.
He told the Canadian Exporters' Association the first six months' business on its books consists almost entirely of business which was already on the books of tho chartered banks, or of non-manufactured items such as grain.
A. K. Stuart of Toronto, chairman of the resolutions sessions, replied: "We have been out of the running for 15 years and it takes time to get back," and some transactions take a year before a decision can be made.
The association asked that government and banking authorities issue joinly a comprehensive statement outlining the rules in connection with both long-term and medium - term export financing.
When R. B. Hunt, of the Ex-
port Credits Insurance Corp., said that in certain classes of exports each case must be considered on its merits, R. D. L. Kinsman, association president, replied heatedly:
"When we are in front of a customer we don't want to consider. We want a set of ground rules so that we will know how to proceed. The Germans, British. French, Italians go ahead and make sales. I think the philosophy of the government has to change."
De Gaulle Slows Them Down
By  ROD  CURRIE
"Ditcs-moi, cher Ilippolytc, -does the general still hear his voices, or does God now come through on a direct line?"
The question, put lo a bright but ruffled young Frenchman in a London Daily Express cartoon, underlines the current attitude of the British press toward France's President dc Gaulle.
The feelings on de Gaulle's upset of the Western Big Four Berlin meeting scheduled for London this week is further demonstrated, a bit more plainly, in a London Daily Mail  cartoon.
It depicts Prime Minister Macmillan and President Kennedy driving at high speed toward East Berlin and crashing into a stone wall�"the Western wall" � surmounted
by the impassive face of de Gaulle.
It graphically points up the French leader's obvious view that the Americans and British have gone too far in their direct talks with Russian Foreign Minister Gromyko and that he intends to slow them down.
Even the West Germans who had applauded his firm stand on Berlin now are leaning to the opinion de Gaulle may be too tough and endangering chances for practical negotiations.
Timing of the French decision has most embarrassed the Western Allies. Western talks at the ambassadorial level were going on in Wash-ton last week and the feeling is that this was the time and place for de Gaulle to put his foot down rather than wait until almost the eve of
the scheduled London meeting.
The British, American and West Berlin leaders agree the Berlin problem should be negotiated before Russia takes any action which would make the situation more desperate.
The French government makes no secret of the fact it is dubious about the wisdom of what is sometimes described in Washington as a realistic approach.
In the French view the phrase realistic approach covers possible major concessions to Moscow over Berlin that might seriously embarrass the Bonn government in the immediate future, and which might in the long run have the result of weakening the determination of the West Germans to remain solidly anchored to the Atlantic bloc.
GALS, FAGS AND COMICS
Us, for 35 Years
By  The  Canadian   Press
Allied armies in 1944 were clogged to the verge of smothering by the weight of their administrative organization, says Author Ralph Allen in Ordeal by Fire, a new history of the 1910-45 period in Canada.
The former war correspondent says the allies' administrative overhead included services to provide such things as tea and sausage rolls, elderly dancing girls and music hall comics for the entertainment of the troops, and soap and cigarettes.
"In addition to these amenities all the allied formations had almost incredible numbers of headquarters and line of communications troops."
*    �     �
Allen, who covered the Second World War invasion of Europe for the Toronto Globe and Mail, says the Canadian Army of about a half-million men appears to have had the largest proportion, among the allies, of military personnel manning, supplying and keeping its divisions in action.
This proportion, referred to as the divisional slice, was 91,150 in the Canadian Army, though "in a division the number of men who could see the whites of the enemy's eyes and engage him with rifles, grenades, submachineguns or bayonets  was  around  4,000."
A Canadian division's personnel, not counting the supply and maintenance organizations behind it, was 18,000 for an infantry formation and 15,-000 for an armored division.
�    �      *
Canada had clung to the goal of a self-contained, self-controlled, self - administered army of its own.
While this army of five divisions was relatively small, it still required "a big national defence headquarters at Ottawa, a big Canadian military headquarters in London, a big Canadian Army headquarters in Surrey and later on the continent, and there were two substantial corps headquarters in Italy and Western Europe."
Allen says the Canadian reinforcement crisis of late 1944 which rocked the country was concerned with the small fraction of fighting men in the Canadian Army.
The general staff estimated that 15,000 trained infantry reinforcements were needed. Eventually, 13,000 home service troops were shipped overseas, 9,500 got to the con-ExpertS   Know
The Canadian Highway Safety Council, urging the use of seat belts by every driver in Canada, hears many so-called authorities claim that belts aren't much use.
So the council refers them to such people as Donald Campbell who walked away from his wrecked Bluebird 2 after it flipped over at. more than 300 miles an hour. He was wearing a seat belt.
The eminent Dodgers catcher Roy Campanella was not wearing a scat belt in 1958 when his car skidded on wet pavement at 30 miles an hour and he emerged with permanent paralysis from the shoulders down. But he was wearing belts in 1959 when the car he was in, going 40 miles an hour crashed. Campy was not injured but three others in the car, not wearing belts, were hospitalized.
Col. John Strapp of the U.S. Air Force subjected himself to crash stops from 632 miles an hour to zero in little more than one second. He suffered no disabilities. He wore seat belts every time.
The council has no hesitation in declaring the use of seat bells in automobiles would prevent one-third of Canada's annual traffic fatalities. But, it cautions, the key word is "use". Belts, says CIISC, are useless lying limp on the seat.
Future Looks Cold and   Lifeless for Greenland
COPENHAGEN (Reuters) � Denmark has begun to realize the high hopes it. once held for developing Greenland, its big island territory in the Arctic, may never como to fruition.
Greenland is not a model development country. It is nearer to being Denmark's 'biggest problem of this century.
Half as hit; as western Europe and with five-sixths of its area permanently covered by a thick layer of ice, Greenland is at present inhabitable only on the coastal fringe.
Given to Denmark by a decision of the international court in 1933 and incorporated under the 1053 Danish constitution as a Danish country, the big island with magnificent scenery still retains many of the characteristic of a colony.
Taxes are different from those  of  Denmark,  and  so
are some laws.
To tho 30,000 or so residents who lead a precarious life along the coast, neighbors to huge glaciers which fill the surrounding sea with mountains of ice, it seems Denmark has turned its back
on Greenland ami is looking more toward underdeveloped countries in other parts of the world.
Greenlanders arc related indirectly tos the Canadian Eskimos. But since the first European   settlers   came   in
Fluoridation Loses
EDMONTON ICT) � Fluoridation of domestic water supplies in Alberta's two largest cities appears headed for defeat for the second time.
Unofficial returns from plebiscites held Wednesday in Edmonton and Calgary indicated fluoridation failed to get the necessary two-thirds majority of votes. Fluoridation, used to prevent tooth decay, also failed to get the required majority in a 1957 vote.
Some smaller centres also voted   on   fluoridation.   In
Brooks, a town of 3.000, about. 5G per cent of voters favored it. Sixty-six per cent was needed. However, it won a big enough majority in Athabasca, a town of 1.300 about 100 miles north of Edmonton.
U.S. citizens in Edmonton and Calgary were ordered by the U.S. government not to vote in the plebiscite because fluoridation was considered a political issue. U.S. citizens may lose their citizenship by taking part in politics outside their own country.
1723 they have intermarried, forming a distinct type. Officially all arc Christians.
The traditional occupation of hunting seal and whales has suffered a setback and more men now catch fish for a living, while others work at fish-processing factories erected in several towns.    .
A lead and zinc mine operated for several years at Mestersvic on the east coast is expected to close shortly, and the mining interests may turn to molybdenum, uranium and other mineral known to exist, but in unknown quantities.
Greenland Is under-developed country with problems even more difficult to solve than those facing countries where climatic conditions offer a hope of economic prosperity in the future.
Greenland needs schools, industries and hospitals, and Greenlanders want better living standards.
tinent  and 2,500 reached the front lines.
Allen's 492-page book deals with much more than the 1944 reinforcement problem. It is the fifth volume of the Canadian history series published by Doubleday Canada Ltd. and covers the extraordinary 1910-45 period.
The 48-year-old author, one of the country's best-known reporters, strings together in compact chapters the highlights of the period.
His work, involving six years' research and writing, reads like a novel.
The cast of characters, described in lively fashion, includes Wilfrid Laurier, Henri Bourassa, Robert Borden, Arthur Meighen, R. B. Bennett^ Mackenzie King, J. S. Woods worth, Mitchell Hepburn, Maurice Duplessis, William Aberhart, Tim Buck and Sam Hughes, minister of national defence in the First World War.
�     �     �
Events fitted into the story contradict opinions that Canada is dull, recall odd and half-forgotten political manoeuvres, parliamentary debates and election campaigns, and indicate that the strongest thread running through national policy in the 20th century has been freedom from imposing outside influence over Canadian affairs.
Between political happenings, war efforts and disputes, the former editor of Maclean's magazine tells of popular customs and fads, the great depression, the Winnipeg strike and liquor-smuggling into the U.S. during its era of prohibition.
In a closing note about sources of information, Allen mentions obstacles in the way of an author trying to get to the bottom of things.
He says many sources of information are available only to official or semi-official biographers of public men. The papers of Mackenzie King are in the hands of a board of executors. Those of Bennett and Borden are in private hands. A government agency destroyed the papers of Sam Hughes.
Allen regards these as examples of the Canadian people's "determination to prettify, sissify, censor and regulate  their history."
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